WebThe self-modulation scheme together with the electron-beam longitudinal phase spaces at various positions. Credit: SARI ... (HGHG) and the 30th harmonic of the seed laser in a two-stage HGHG. WebHowever, single-stage HGHG suffers from noise during the high-energy modulation, requires high laser power (expen- sive and degrading to the FEL), and is limited to around 20nm [6]. Multiple-stage HGHG can reach shorter wave- lengths, but is …

Optimization and stability analysis of the cascaded EEHG-HGHG …

Webison to the HGHG spectrum. Each SASE point is an average of 10 shots, whereas the HGHG data are single shots normalized to the total HGHG pulse energy. The FWHM HGHG bandwidth is ;20 nm, whereas the SASE bandwidth is six times as large. The HGHG single-shot spectrum was recorded by placing a thermal imaging camera at the exit plane of the ... WebIn HGHG FELs[15], a sinusoidal energy modulation is first introduced to the electrons via the interaction between the electronbeamandanexternalseedlaserwithinamodulation … peco air filter

Self-Amplification of Coherent Energy Modulation in …

WebApr 23, 2014 · The initially proposed PEHG consists of a dogleg followed by a HGHG configuration with a TGU modulator, as shown in figure 1.Rectangular coordinates are given in scheme 1, where x and y represent the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. The dogleg with dispersion is used to transversely disperse the electron beam, while the TGU … WebSep 23, 2024 · A fixed speed system allows relative humidity to go as high as 60 percent while modulating systems do not break 50 percent. Mold is harmful to the physical … WebA similar layout can be found in the scheme of self-modulation HGHG [ 31], where the first stage of the HGHG radiator is resonant at the fundamental or the second harmonic wavelength. Our work can be distinguished by the high-order harmonic modulator and the significant bunching factor up to the 20th harmonic of the seed laser wavelength. peco apply for liheap